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"The most influential thinker, in my life, has been the psychologist Richard Nisbett. He basically gave me my view of the world." -Malcolm Gladwell, New York Times Book Review
Scientific and philosophical concepts can change the way we solve problems by helping us to think more effectively about our behavior and our world. Surprisingly, despite their utility, many of these tools remain unknown to most of us.
In Mindware, the world-renowned psychologist Richard E. Nisbett presents these ideas in clear and accessible detail. Nisbett has made a distinguished career of studying and teaching such powerful problem-solving concepts as the law of large numbers, statistical regression, cost-benefit analysis, sunk costs and opportunity costs, and causation and correlation, probing the best methods for teaching others how to use them effectively in their daily lives. In this groundbreaking book, Nisbett shows us how to frame common problems in such a way that these scientific and statistical principles can be applied to them. The result is an enlightening and practical guide to the most essential tools of reasoning ever developed-tools that can easily be used to make better professional, business, and personal decisions.
- Sales Rank: #46896 in Books
- Published on: 2015-08-18
- Released on: 2015-08-18
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.23" h x 1.16" w x 6.34" l, 1.00 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 336 pages
Review
“Mindware should offer us all an opportunity to understand and react more intelligently to the confusing world around us.”
―Leonard Mlodinow, The New York Times Book Review
“[Mindware] is friendly and practical and aimed squarely at the lay reader. [Nisbett] sees his book as rather like a crash course in making better decisions and learning what scientifically proven theory to apply to which problem, enabling the reader to ‘perceive the world more accurately and behave more sensibly’. To this end, he offers insights from social and behavioural psychology, neuroscience and philosophy, he explains what constitutes bad, flawed and good science, when to trust statistics, how to think about economics and carry out a cost-benefit analysis, when to follow instinct and when this can lead you astray.”
―Emma Smith, The Sunday Times (UK)
“Compelling . . . With clear explanations of relevant principles from statistics, formal logic, economics, and psychology, Nisbett does indeed assemble a powerful toolkit for examining the validity of claims made by marketers, politicians, and scientists. Just as important, he encourages us to turn these tools inward and test the legitimacy of our own easily swayed opinions and beliefs.” ―Nick Romeo, The Boston Globe
“Nisbett . . . immerses his readers in a great depth of knowledge but with such clear teaching and precise examples that they will enjoy the exercise and the result . . . A joy to own and mark up, a great gift of enlightenment from an expert and exemplary teacher. The section on Logic and Dialectical Reasoning, comparing cultures East and West, rewards readers who can accept uncertainty as the cost of deeper insight.” ―E. James Lieberman, Library Journal
“The bad news is that our intuitive ways of thinking about the world are wrong. The good news is that it isn't hard to set them right. Nobody knows more about these things than the eminent psychologist Richard E. Nisbett, who has dedicated his life to understanding the shortcomings of the human mind and to finding ways to fix them. This book should be required reading at every university.” ―Daniel Gilbert, author of Stumbling on Happiness
“Anyone who wants to think better, make better decisions, and be happier should read this brilliant book by the world's most eminent living social psychologist. In other words, everyone should read this book, and the sooner the better!” ―Timothy D. Wilson, Author of Redirect: Changing the Stories We Live By
“All the wisdom of twentieth- and twenty-first-century psychological research has been distilled into one superb book--for your everlasting benefit! You will take a giant step on the path to better decisions in your life.” ―Carol Dweck, author of Mindset: The New Psychology of Success
“Mindware will make you a better thinker, investor, parent, consumer, and leader. There are surprises and delights on each page. Every country should scrap a year or two of math education and require all citizens to read this book instead.” ―Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion
About the Author
Richard E. Nisbett is a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan and one of the world's most respected psychologists. He has received the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions from the American Psychological Association and many other national and international awards. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. His books The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently . . . and Why and Intelligence and How to Get It: Why Schools and Cultures Count have won multiple awards and have been translated into many languages.
Most helpful customer reviews
102 of 109 people found the following review helpful.
A worthy addition to the literature about rational thinking
By Alberto Cairo Touriqo
If you've read books like 'Thinking Fast and Slow', 'The Invisible Gorilla', 'How Not to Be Wrong', or 'Naked Statistics' already, much of the content of this book will sound familiar. That said, there's something beautiful about how Richard E. Nisbett transforms what could have been a tedious and repetitive discussion of cognitive biases into a textbook on how to overcome them. The advice in his book is accessible to anyone, regardless of previous knowledge of statistics or Mathematical thinking, and immensely relevant. The main message in the book is that rules of rational thinking can be taught and learned. The main reason to do so, as Nisbett himself says, is that "you simply can't live an optimal life in today's world without basic knowledge of statistics." True.
144 of 162 people found the following review helpful.
A little disappointing, but maybe I was expecting too much
By Edward Durney
Malcolm Gladwell thinks that Mindware's author Richard Nisbett has been the most influential thinker in his life, who gave him his view of the world. High praise indeed. Harvard professor Daniel Gilbert was almost as effusive in his blurb. So too NYU professor Jonathan Haidt and Stanford professor Carol Dweck. I don't always give a lot of credence to blurbs, but in this case my expectations were very high.
I was a little disappointed. Richard Nisbett does broadly survey the field of psychology to collect interesting ideas on how to think smarter. But these ideas are not really practical tools. And his book seems to be loosely organized with anecdotes and studies mixed up together in a bit of hodge-podge. For me at least, there's no clear message from the book. It was entertaining, but that was all.
One problem is that Richard Nisbett relies heavily on anecdotes and quotations to support his points, even though that kind of thing seems more impressive than it is. For example, he cites the example of Barack Obama being interviewed at Google by Eric Schmidt and answering a difficult computer science question correctly, thus amazing Eric Schmidt and all the Google employees in the audience. He should have mentioned, though, that Eric Schmidt had asked John McCain the same question a short time before, and Barack Obama's campaign staff had prepared him to give the right answer -- one that he simply parroted with no idea of what it meant.
That happens too much throughout the book. Another example is Richard Nisbett's criticism of Ford for the design of its Pinto gas tank, which he says was a cold calculation that improving the design would cost $175 million and staying with the same design and paying for deaths would be cheaper at $45 million. But in truth that is too pat a conclusion for what had been a complex decision. It just wasn't that simple. Nor was his example of the Ford Edsel as an ill-conceived design based too much on focus group input. Again, he twists history to support his point.
Same with some quotations. Henry Ford, says Richard Nisbett, said that if he had asked his customers what they wanted, they would have said a faster horse. But Henry Ford never said that, or anything like it. A few other examples -- his description of how Niels Bohr came up with quantum theory and how Albert Einstein mistakenly included a cosmological constant in his theory -- are also too pat. Too many exclamation points too!
But those are more nits than real vermin. My main disappointment with the book is that Richard Nisbett attempts to formulate simple laws that one can follow to avoid the pitfalls that most people fall into. But as Steven Pinker says, "When psychologists say 'most people' they usually mean 'most of the two dozen sophomores who filled out a questionnaire for beer money.'" Psychology is more art than science, yet Richard Nisbett talks as though psychology studies prove things rather than giving food for thought.
Human beings are emotional more than rational. No reason to think that we can think ourselves out of our emotions, no matter how clever the tool.
I don't want to criticize this book too harshly. My reaction and this review are based on emotion, not reason. Had I not been primed to expect a better book, I may have joined many other reviewers in giving the book five stars. So don't reject the book based on my opinion. Read the book, and see what you think. Your "tools for smart thinking" may take you to a different conclusion than mine.
31 of 35 people found the following review helpful.
Sound scientific advice on how to live your life
By Neuron
In this excellent and practical book the prominent psychologist, Richard Nisbett, translates psychological research into practical advice that will help the reader to better evaluate situations and to make better decisions. The book is in many ways similar to Kahneman’s book “Thinking fast and slow”, in that it explains where our reasoning, deductions and inferences tend to go wrong. However, Nisbett takes the extra step of trying to formulate simple laws that one can follow to avoid the psychological pitfalls that people often fall into. In some cases this merely means being aware that there is such a pitfall, which according to Nisbett actually helps a great deal. For example, if we are aware of our instinctual tendency to rate anecdotal evidence higher than experimental evidence, we can make a conscious effort downplay anecdotal evidence. Similarly, even if no one uses decision theory (listing pros and cons for all alternatives we are faced with) perfectly, knowing the basics will actually help us make slightly better decisions on average.
One of the more notable aspects of modern society is that we are constantly being bombarded with information and commercials. A good chunk of this book is dedicated to deciphering findings reported in the media. For example, we should be very skeptical of correlations, because correlation does not equal causation. If obese children tend to have parents that controls the child’s food intake, that does not mean that controlling your child’s food intake will make them obese. A more likely explanation is that when a child becomes obese, parents will want to control food intake. A huge number of similar findings are reported in the media on a daily basis. Unfortunately, journalists, like the rest of us are also susceptible to think that correlation mean causation, and their reports are written accordingly resulting in a lot of confusion. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of correlation studies will allow the reader to see such reports in a new light.
Overall, this book is an excellent addition to the popular psychology literature, and Nisbett (who I am familiar with from my studies in Psychology), is a stringent scientist who knows the difference between good science and BS. Readers are certain to find some good, hands on, advice, that they can go out and employ in their everyday life.
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